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|Section2= |Section3= }} Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the nucleoside adenosine. AMP consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. As a substituent it takes the form of the prefix adenylyl-. ==Production and degradation== AMP can be produced during ATP synthesis by the enzyme adenylate kinase by combining two ADP molecules: : 2 ADP → ATP + AMP Or AMP may be produced by the hydrolysis of one high energy phosphate bond of ADP: : ADP → AMP + Pi AMP can also be formed by hydrolysis of ATP into AMP and pyrophosphate: : ATP → AMP + PPi When RNA is broken down by living systems, nucleoside monophosphates, including adenosine monophosphate, are formed. AMP can be regenerated to ATP as follows: : AMP + ATP → 2 ADP (adenylate kinase in the opposite direction) : ADP + Pi → ATP (this step is most often performed in aerobes by the ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation) AMP can be converted into IMP by the enzyme myoadenylate deaminase, freeing an ammonia group. In a catabolic pathway, adenosine monophosphate can be converted to uric acid, which is excreted from the body. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「adenosine monophosphate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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